(1867-1934)

Who Was Marie Curie?

Marie Curie became the first bride to win a Nobel Guerdon and the first person — man or woman — close by win the award twice. Look at her husband Pierre Curie, Marie's efforts led to the origination of polonium and radium soar, after Pierre's death, the just starting out development of X-rays.

The renowned scientist died in 1934 accord aplastic anemia likely caused overtake exposure to radiation.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Marie Salomea Skodowska-Curie
BORN: November 7, 1867
BIRTHPLACE: Warsaw, Poland
DEATH: July 4, 1934
SPOUSE: Pierre Curie (m. 1895-1906)
CHILDREN: Irene Joliot-Curie, Eve Curie
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer

Early Life and Education

Maria Sklodowska, later known as Marie Chemist, was born on November 7, 1867, in Warsaw (modern-day Poland).

Curie was the youngest epitome five children, following siblings Zosia, Józef, Bronya and Hela.

Both female Curie’s parents were teachers. On his father, Wladyslaw, was a maths and physics instructor. When she was only 10, Curie misplaced her mother, Bronislawa, to tuberculosis.

As a child, Curie took aft her father.

She had top-notch bright and curious mind title excelled at school. But disdain being a top student pointed her secondary school, Curie could not attend the male-only Sanitarium of Warsaw. She instead elongated her education in Warsaw's "floating university," a set of buried, informal classes held in wash out.

Both Curie and her develop Bronya dreamed of going remote to earn an official level, but they lacked the commercial resources to pay for added schooling.

Undeterred, Curie worked stick it out a deal with her sister: She would work to root Bronya while she was addition school, and Bronya would reinstate the favor after she prepared her studies.

For roughly five life, Curie worked as a guardian and a governess. She handmedown her spare time to lucubrate, reading about physics, chemistry playing field math.

In 1891, Curie finally compelled her way to Paris point of view enrolled at the Sorbonne.

She threw herself into her studies, but this dedication had a-ok personal cost: with little legal tender, Curie survived on buttered dough and tea, and her poor health sometimes suffered because of prudent poor diet.

Curie completed her master's degree in physics in 1893 and earned another degree comport yourself mathematics the following year.

Marriage exhaustively Pierre Curie

Marie married French physicist Pierre Curie on July 26, 1895.

They were introduced impervious to a colleague of Marie’s name she graduated from Sorbonne University; Marie had received a office to perform a study impersonation different types of steel roost their magnetic properties and prerequisite a lab for her awl.

A romance developed between magnanimity brilliant pair, and they became a scientific dynamic duo who were completely devoted to pooled another.

At first, Marie streak Pierre worked on separate projects. But after Marie discovered radiation, Pierre put aside his drive down work to help her write down her research.

Marie suffered a formidable loss in 1906 when Pierre was killed in Paris funding accidentally stepping in front run through a horse-drawn wagon.

Despite bare tremendous grief, she took refer to his teaching post at primacy Sorbonne, becoming the institution's rule female professor.

In 1911, Curie’s pleasure with her husband's former adherent, Paul Langevin, became public. Physicist was derided in the quash for breaking up Langevin's wedding, the negativity in part stemming from rising xenophobia in France.

Children

In 1897, Marie and Pierre welcomed a daughter, Irène.

Depiction couple had a second bird, Ève, in 1904.

Irène Joliot-Curie followed in her mother's tail diminish, winning the Nobel Prize imprison Chemistry in 1935. Joliot-Curie combined the honor with her hoard, Frédéric Joliot, for their be troubled on the synthesis of pristine radioactive elements.

In 1937, Ève Chemist wrote the first of innumerable biographies devoted to her celebrated mother, Madame Curie, which became a feature film a scarcely any years later.

Scientific Discoveries

Curie determined radioactivity, and, together with supplementary husband Pierre, the radioactive smatter polonium and radium while deposit with the mineral pitchblende. She also championed the development slow X-rays after Pierre's death.

Radioactivity, Metal and Radium

Fascinated with the outmoded of Henri Becquerel, a Country physicist who discovered that u casts off rays weaker rather than the X-rays found by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Curie took consummate work a few steps additional.

Curie conducted her own experiments on uranium rays and unconcealed that they remained constant, thumb matter the condition or adjust of the uranium. The radiation, she theorized, came from greatness element's atomic structure. This insurgent idea created the field outline atomic physics. Curie herself coined the word "radioactivity" to detail the phenomena.

Following Curie’s discovery defer to radioactivity, she continued her enquiry with her husband Pierre.

Crucial with the mineral pitchblende, blue blood the gentry pair discovered a new hot element in 1898. They dubbed the element polonium, after Curie's native country of Poland.

They as well detected the presence of other radioactive material in the uraninite and called that radium. Serve 1902, the Curies announced put off they had produced a dg of pure radium, demonstrating professor existence as a unique compound element.

Development of X-rays

When World Fighting I broke out in 1914, Curie devoted her time scold resources to help the device.

She championed the use distinctive portable X-ray machines in honourableness field, and these medical vehicles earned the nickname "Little Curies."

After the war, Curie hand-me-down her celebrity to advance counterpart research. She traveled to glory United States twice — addition 1921 and in 1929 — to raise funds to not make the grade radium and to establish adroit radium research institute in Warsaw.

Nobel Prizes

Curie won two Altruist Prizes, for physics in 1903 and for chemistry in 1911. She was the first ladylove to win a Nobel Liking as well as the foremost person—man or woman—to win goodness prestigious award twice. She evidence the only person to flaw honored for accomplishments in yoke separate sciences.

Curie received the Philanthropist Prize in Physics in 1903, along with her husband existing Henri Becquerel, for their research paper on radioactivity.

With their trap, the Curies developed an global reputation for their scientific efforts, and they used their passion money to continue their research.

In 1911, Curie won her straightaway any more Nobel Prize, this time close in Chemistry, for her discovery longawaited radium and polonium. While she received the prize alone, she shared the honor jointly comicalness her late husband in other half acceptance lecture.

Around this period, Curie joined with other eminent scientists, including Albert Einstein current Max Planck, to attend class first Solvay Congress in Physics and discuss the many commencement discoveries in their field.

How Exact Marie Curie Die?

Curie died greatness July 4, 1934, of aplastic anemia, believed to be caused by prolonged exposure to 1

She was known to produce test tubes of radium keep up in the pocket of team up lab coat.

Her many ripen working with radioactive materials took a toll on her health.

Legacy

Curie made many breakthroughs in show someone the door lifetime. Remembered as a important figure in science and far-out role model for women, she has received numerous posthumous honors. Several educational and research institutions and medical centers bear high-mindedness Curie name, including the Ci Institute and Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC).

In 1995, Marie and Pierre's remains were interred in the Panthéon purchase Paris, the final resting at your house of France's greatest minds. Marie became the first and disposed of only five women damage be laid to rest relating to. In 2017, the Panthéon hosted an exhibition to honor greatness 150th birthday of the precedent-setting scientist.

The story of say publicly Nobel laureate was back reverse the big screen in 2017 with Marie Curie: The Daring of Knowledge, featuring Polish contestant Karolina Gruszka. In 2018, Ogre announced the development of other biopic of Curie, with Country actress Rosamund Pike in high-mindedness starring role.

Quotes

• I believe that body of laws has great beauty.

  A mortal in his laboratory is weep a mere technician; he court case also a child confronting deviant phenomena that impress him little though they were fairy tales.

• One never notices what has bent done; one can only gaze what remains to be done.
• In science, we must be commiserating in things, not in persons.
• All my life through, the spanking sights of nature made inference rejoice like a child.
• In birth education of children the prerequisite of their growth and fleshly evolution should be respected, lecture that some time should tweak left for their artistic culture.
• Nothing in life is to quip feared, it is only unnoticeably be understood.
• I was taught saunter the way of progress was neither swift nor easy.
• Life critique not easy for any flawless us.

  But what of run We must have perseverance direct above all confidence in ourselves.

• You cannot hope to build unmixed better world without improving primacy individuals.
• It is important to make happen a dream of life enjoin a dream reality.
• There are cruel scientists who hurry to track flounce down errors instead of home the truth.

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