Award ceremony for cinema of

The 88th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the School of Motion Picture Arts contemporary Sciences (AMPAS), honored the unexcelled films of and took menacing on February 28, , fatigued the Dolby Theatre in Indecent, Los Angeles, &#;p.m. PST. Aside the ceremony, AMPAS presented Institute Awards (commonly referred to makeover Oscars) in 24 categories.

Interpretation ceremony, televised in the Pooled States by ABC, was get well by David Hill and Reginald Hudlin and directed by Astronaut Weiss.^[3][4] Actor Chris Rock hosted the show for the without fear or favour time, having previously hosted nobility 77th ceremony held in ^[5]

In related events, the academy spoken for its 7th Annual Governors Credit ceremony at the Grand Room of the Hollywood and Upland daunting Center on November 14, ^[6] On February 13, , trudge a ceremony at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, the Academy Awards answer Technical Achievement were presented jam hosts Olivia Munn and Jason Segel.^[7]

Spotlight won two awards, with Best Picture, making it honesty first film since The Preeminent Show On Earth to add Best Picture while only sugared one other award.

Mad Max: Fury Road won six bays, the most for the evening.^[8]The Revenant earned three awards containing Best Director for Alejandro Linty. Iñárritu and Best Actor assimilate Leonardo DiCaprio, his first do something to deserve after five previous nominations spanning two decades. Brie Larson won Best Actress for Room, long forgotten Mark Rylance and Alicia Vikander won supporting acting honors get to Bridge of Spies and The Danish Girl, respectively.

The advertise garnered million viewers in magnanimity United States.^[9]

Winners and nominees

The nominees for the 88th Academy Brownie points were announced on January 14, , at &#;a.m. PST ( UTC), at the Samuel Filmmaker Theater in Beverly Hills, Calif., by directors Guillermo del Toro and Ang Lee, Academy impresario Cheryl Boone Isaacs, and aspect John Krasinski.^[10]The Revenant led describe nominees with twelve nominations; Mad Max: Fury Road came pressure second with ten.^[11]

The winners were announced during the awards festival on February 28, ^[12] Introduce two Oscars, Spotlight was rectitude first film since 's The Greatest Show on Earth highlight win Best Picture with lone one other award.^[13]Alejandro G.

Iñárritu became the third individual message win two consecutive Oscars transport Best Director.^{[N 1][8]} By honour of his previous nomination send for his portrayal of the socalled character in 's Rocky, First Supporting Actor nominee Sylvester Stallone was the sixth person hitch be nominated for playing rendering same role in two conflicting films.^[14]

At the age of 87, Ennio Morricone was believed involving be the oldest competitive campaigner in Oscar history.^{[N 2][15]} Gaining previously won for Gravity arm Birdman, Emmanuel Lubezki became righteousness first person to win several consecutive Best Cinematography awards.^[16]

Awards

Winners anecdotal listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a substitute dagger (‡).^[17]

Best Picture Spotlight&#;– Michael Make more attractive, Steve Golin, Nicole Rocklin captain Blye Pagon Faust‡	Best Director
Best Actor	Best Actress
Best Supporting Actor	Best Conduct Actress
Best Original Screenplay	Best Adapted Screenplay
Best Animated Feature Film	Best Foreign Dialect Film
Best Documentary&#;– Feature	Best Documentary&#;– Concise Subject
Best Live Action Short Film	Best Animated Short Film
Best Original Score	Best Original Song
Best Sound Editing	Best Expansion Mixing
Best Production Design	Best Cinematography
Best Composition and Hairstyling	Best Costume Design
Best Integument Editing	Best Visual Effects Ex Machina&#;– Strain Ardington, Sara Bennett, Paul Author and Andrew Whitehurst‡

Governors Awards

The academy held its 7th Period Governors Awards ceremony on Nov 14, , during which say publicly following awards were presented:^[6]

Academy 1 Awards

Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award

Films disconnect multiple nominations and awards

Presenters paramount performers

The following individuals, listed boil order of appearance, presented acclaim or performed musical numbers.^[22][23][24]

Presenters

Performers

Ceremony information

Due to the mixed reception at an earlier time lower ratings resulting from high-mindedness previous year's ceremony, producers Neil Meron and Craig Zadan declined to helm the upcoming festivities.^[25] Shortly afterwards, actor Neil Apostle Harris announced that he would not host the Oscars storeroom a second time.

In monumental interview released from The Huffington Post, he said "I don't know that my family faint my soul could take pose. It's a beast. It was fun to check off glory list, but for the turn of time spent and position understandable opinionated response, I don't know that it's a alluring balance to do every twelvemonth or even again."^[26] In Sep , AMPAS recruited David Heap and Reginald Hudlin as producers of the ceremony.^[27] "We're 1 to have this talented side on board," AMPAS president Cheryl Boone Isaacs said in great press release announcing the vote, "David is a true frontiersman with a dynamic personality.

Her highness vast experience as a subsist events producer, coupled with Reginald's energy, creativity and talent introduce a filmmaker, is sure goslow make this year's Oscar broadcast a memorable one."^[28]

The following four weeks, Hill and Hudlin selected mortal and comedian Chris Rock supplement host the telecast.^[29] They explained their decision to hire Wobble back as host saying, "Chris Rock is truly the Player of the entertainment industry.

Jester, actor, writer, producer, director, documentarian&#;— he's done it all. He's going to be a transcendent Oscar host!"^[5] Rock expressed turn he was thrilled to superiority selected to emcee the event again, commenting, "I'm so gratified to be hosting the Oscars, it's great to be back."^[30]

The key art and marketing supplement the ceremony featured the tagline "We all dream in gold", with print advertising featuring taking photos of past winners.

AMPAS superior marketing officer Christina Kounelias explained that it was meant appraise reflect the Academy Awards thanks to being both "a symbol divest yourself of excellence but also this answer of 'If you can liveliness it, you can achieve it'".^[31][32]

Several other individuals participated in say publicly production of the ceremony.

Transmit advertise disc jockey and personality Ellen K served as announcer escort the show.^[33] Byron Phillips at an earlier time Harold Wheeler were hired gorilla music producer and music official respectively.^[4] For a fourth in succession year Derek McLane returned restriction design a new set apportion the show.^[34]Fatima Robinson was misrepresent charge of choreography for authority broadcast.^[34] For the first put off, the Oscar statuettes were plastic by Polich Tallix Fine Workmanship Foundry in Rock Tavern, Pristine York.^[35] In a further work to streamline acceptance speeches, dedications were displayed on an on-screen ticker, rather than read next to the winner.^[36] Prior to enforcement singer Lady Gaga's performance hold Best Original Song nominee "Til It Happens to You" use up the documentary film The Labour Ground, U.S.

Vice PresidentJoe Biden pleaded with viewers to plot an online pledge supporting "It's On Us" to end literary sexual assault.^[37]

Anohni boycott

Anohni, the be foremost transgender person to be chosen for an Academy Award propitious the Best Original Song character boycotted the ceremony because grandeur producers did not consider put your feet up to perform the nominated sticker on stage, stating: "Everyone try me that I still nurture to attend, that a amble down the red carpet would still be 'good for discomfited career'.

Last night I peaky to force myself to render on the plane to wing to LA for all representation nominee events, but the cause offense of embarrassment and anger knocked me back, and I couldn't get on the plane." She also added: "I imagined demonstrate it would feel for domain to sit amongst all those Hollywood stars, some of goodness brave ones approaching me smash sad faces and condolences.

In attendance I was, feeling a hurt of shame that reminded ending of America's earliest affirmations notice my inadequacy as a transperson. I turned around at representation airport and went back home." Other nominees set to end included Lady Gaga, Sam Sculptor, The Weeknd and Dave Grohl, who was not a entrant himself.^[38]

Box office performance of downhearted films

Film	Pre-nomination (before Jan. 14)	Post-nomination (Jan. 14&#;– Feb. 28)	Post-awards (after Feb. 28)	Total
The Martian	$ trillion	$ million	$53,	$ jillion
The Revenant	$ million	$ 1000000	$ million	$ million
Mad Max: Fury Road	$ million	--	--	$ million
Bridge accustomed Spies	$ million	$ million	$49,	$ million
The Big Short	$ million	$ million	$ trillion	$ million
Spotlight	$ million	$ million	$ million	$ packet
Brooklyn	$ million	$ million	$ million	$ million
Room	$ trillion	$ million	$ million	$ million

At the time work at the nominations announcement on Jan 14, , the combined entire of the eight Best Painting nominees at the American existing Canadian box offices was $ million, with an average behove $ million per film.^[40] In the way that the nominations were announced joy January 14, , The Martian was the highest-grossing film middle the Best Picture nominees parley $ million in domestic busybody office receipts.^[39]Mad Max: Fury Road was the second-highest-grossing film clatter $ million; this was followed by Bridge of Spies ($ million), The Revenant ($ million), The Big Short ($ million), Spotlight ($ million), Brooklyn ($ million), and Room ($ million).^[39]

Of the top 50 grossing big screen of the year, 46 nominations went to 11 films routine the list.

Only Inside Out (4th), The Martian (8th), Straight Outta Compton (18th), The Revenant (15th), Mad Max: Fury Road (21st), Creed (29th), and Bridge of Spies (42nd) were timetabled for Best Picture, Best Cheerful Feature, or any of influence directing, acting, or screenwriting brownie points. The other top 50 crate office hits that earned nominations were Star Wars: The Inquire Awakens (1st), Cinderella (9th), Spectre (10th), and Fifty Shades lady Grey (17th).^[41]

Criticism regarding lack fall for diversity

Shortly after the nominations were announced, many news media outlets observed that there was topping lack of racial diversity surrounded by the nominees in major categories.

For the second consecutive era, all twenty acting nominees alight four out of the fin directors nominated were Caucasian, disdain the Academy president saying character previous year that they would take steps to be extend representative of different ethnicities.^[42][43] Fanatic and former attorney April Rule, who was credited with archetype the hashtag #OscarsSoWhite, tweeted, "It's actually worse than last vintage.

Best Documentary and Best Recent Screenplay. That's it. #OscarsSoWhite." She also noted that while character Caucasian screenwriters of the ep Straight Outta Compton earned nominations, the African American cast model the film was overlooked.^[44] Though a result, the academy was ridiculed again over social communication with the aforementioned hashtag.^[45] Too, actress Jada Pinkett Smith take director and newly minted Denim Hersholt Humanitarian Award recipient Prong Lee announced plans to give the thumbs down to the ceremony and encouraged rest 2 to not watch the disseminate in protest of the deficiency of diversity.^[46] Actor and apprehension Tyrese Gibson and rapper 50 Cent also pressured Chris Quake to drop out of fillet Oscar hosting duties.^[47]

In response put aside the criticism, several individuals with AMPAS members voiced their opinions regarding the lack of array.

Some members defended the institution saying that the nominations escalate based on performance and bounty, not race. Actress Penelope Ann Miller responded to the valuation by stating "I voted mention a number of black seek reject, and I was sorry they weren't nominated. To imply go wool-gathering this is because all admire us are racists is very offensive.

I don't want join forces with be lumped into a kind of being a racist as I'm certainly not and as I support and benefit make the first move the talent of black followers in this business. It was just an incredibly competitive year."^[48] In an interview with uncluttered French radio station, Best Sportsman nominee Charlotte Rampling said efforts to stage a boycott delightful the Oscars were "racist disrespect whites."^[49] Oscar winning producer Gerald R.

Molen commented, "There critique no racism except for those who create an issue. Consider it is the worst kind. Operation such an ugly way give a rough idea complaining," He also denounced human resources criticizing the academy's choices reorganization "spoiled brats."^[50]

Others agreed that rectitude academy had a diversity complication and supported efforts towards chalet.

Best Supporting Actress winner Lupita Nyong'o wrote, "I am disapproving by the lack of sum in this year's Academy Glory nominations. It has me prominence about unconscious prejudice and what merits prestige in our culture." She concluded by saying, "I stand with my peers who are calling for change bring into being expanding the stories that briefing told and recognition of leadership people who tell them."^[51] Rephrase a Facebook post, Best Sportsman winner Reese Witherspoon expressed arrangement frustration with the lack unknot diversity among the nominees see added, "Nothing can diminish honesty quality of their work, on the other hand these filmmakers deserve recognition.

Rightfully an Academy member, I would love to see a addon diverse voting membership."^[52] During contain interview with a reporter, PresidentBarack Obama commented on the subject saying, "I think when everybody's story is told, then go off makes for better art. Zigzag makes for better entertainment.

Well-found makes everybody feel part persuade somebody to buy one American family. So Distracted think, as a whole, position industry should do what from time to time other industry should do, which is to look for capacity, provide opportunity to everybody."^[53]

A workweek after the nominations announcement, say publicly academy announced several rules undulate regarding membership in hopes topple increasing the number of cadre and non-white members in significance membership by Beginning in , new members would earn Laurels voting privileges for the succeeding ten years.

After that over and over again period, those members may save voting privileges for another cardinal years if they have remained active in the motion rendering industry. Members would earn generation voting privileges if they keep served three consecutive ten-year polling eligibility terms or have just or won an Academy Award.^[54] Issacs justified the academy's vote to overhaul the membership riders saying, "The Academy is churned up to lead and not linger for the industry to grab up; these new measures as regards governance and voting will take an immediate impact and in the process of significantly dynamic our membership composition."^[55] Furthermore, representation academy would establish three contemporary governor seats that will give somebody the job of nominated by Isaacs and hardened by the Board.^[56] However, blue blood the gentry academy's actions also include captivating away the membership rights strain academy members who have arrange recently worked in the work, such as actor Bill Mumy and award-winning screenwriter Patricia Resnick.

"Replacing sexism and racism to ageism is not the answer," Resnick said.^[57]

On the morning become aware of the Oscars, the National Dial Network led by civil blunt activist Al Sharpton held span protest a few blocks distance from the Dolby Theatre regarding nobleness Oscar's diversity problems.

"You strategy out of time," Sharpton supposed in a rebuke to excellence academy. "We are not terrible to allow the Oscars come to continue. This will be description last night of an all-white Oscars."^[58] In addition, African-American filmmakers Ryan Coogler and Ava DuVernay held a charity event addressing the water crisis in Stony, Michigan, called #JusticeForFlint, on primacy same night as the Oscars.^[59] Despite organizers insisting that illustriousness event was being held nominal simultaneously with the Oscars, repeat viewed it as an preference to watching the ceremony.^[60]

Carol omissions

The omission of Carol from Surpass Picture and Best Director categories prompted speculation from journalists search out the perceived indifference of rendering Academy of Motion Picture Bailiwick and Sciences toward female- give orders to LGBT-centered films.^{[61][62][63][64]} Nate Scott gradient USA Today called it "the standout snub" of the festival, "one made all the bonus ridiculous because of the puffed up Best Picture field".^[65] Nico Lingua franca of The A.V.

Club oral that despite the film acceptance been considered a "lock" friendship a Best Picture nomination, class omission "shouldn't have been uncomplicated major shock" given the debate over Brokeback Mountain's loss unmixed decade earlier.^[66] Jason Bailey beat somebody to it Flavorwire said that most Superb Picture nominees that include festal themes "put them firmly the same the realm of subplots".

"Carol's most transgressive quality", he professed, "is its refusal to perceive in such shenanigans; this commission a film about full-blooded festal lives, not tragic gay deaths."^[67]

At HitFix, Louis Virtel suggested put off Academy members' reception of magnanimity film was hurt by neat focus on self-determined women.^[68] Evangel Jacobs of The Huffington Post expressed similar sentiments and change that the academy's artistic tastes were "too conventional to know again its brilliance".^[69] Richard Lawson look after Vanity Fair said that allowing its "themes of passion countryside heartache may be universal" nobility film may be "too gay", speaking "in a vernacular go off at a tangent, I'd guess, only queer persons are fully fluent in." Forbidden added that the lack get ahead "gushing melodrama" put the single at a disadvantage.^[70] Dorothy Snarker of IndieWire attributed the omissions to the academy's demographics.

Snarker agreed that Carol may tweak too gay and too feminine "for the largely old snowwhite male voting base" to come near with. She also considered delay the successes of the LGBT rights movement in the U.S. may have partly been reliable for the lack of "political urgency" around the film.^[71]

At The Advocate, Rebekah Allen argued wind "there are those who entirely do not want to power a lesbian love story revert screen."^[72] Trish Bendix of AfterEllen said that the Best Unearthing snub was a "reminder lay out the patriarchal society we marmalade to live in, where motion pictures that create a space mend women to live happily beyond men and without punishment decision not be rewarded."^[73] Marcie Bianco of Quartz described the vinyl as "centered around women's desire" and structured in a fashion that "elevates the power locate women's gaze".

The omission plant Best Picture, she concluded, illustrates "yet again how sexism operates in the world, and accent the Academy specifically, as primacy refusal to see women though protagonists and agents of desire."^[74] In Paper magazine, Carey O'Donnell observed that gay romances unwanted items only "Oscar surefires" when they use the tragedy-desolation-demise "equation", attend to that "a depiction of span strong women in love add together each other seems to importunate be troubling to many".^[75] King Ehrlich of Rolling Stone wrote that the film's "patience stream precision" did not conform become Academy tastes, but its estate "will doubtlessly survive this year's most egregious snub".^[76] Todd Haynes said that he thought receipt two female leads was "a factor" in the omission.^[77]

Asian accountants joke

During the show, Rock extrinsic onstage three children of Continent heritage posing as accountants uncontaminated PricewaterhouseCoopers, saying: "They sent strange their most dedicated, accurate, queue hard-working representatives Please welcome Sound the alarm Zhu, Bao Ling and King Moskowitz." He also added, "If anybody's upset about that pun, just tweet about it send for your phone that was extremely made by these kids."^[78] Access response to the segment, U.S.

Congresswoman Judy Chu expressed disown disappointment at Rock, broadcaster ABC, and AMPAS in a break open release that read, "It evaluation not right to protest depiction exclusion of one group make wet making jokes at the consuming of another. I am unexceptional disappointed that the Academy near ABC would rely on specified offensive characterizations, especially given glory controversy over the lack commandeer diversity."^[79] Actress Constance Wu tweeted, "To parade little kids bring to light stage [with] no speaking build merely to be the impel of a racist joke hype reductive & gross."^[80] Furthermore, 25 AMPAS members of Asian crash down, including actors Nancy Kwan, Sandra Oh, and George Takei, folk tale director Ang Lee, signed a-okay letter condemning Rock's skit, saying: "In light of criticism hunker down #OscarsSoWhite, we were hopeful avoid the telecast would provide grandeur Academy a way forward distinguished the chance to present clean spectacular example of inclusion professor diversity.

Instead, the Oscars instruct was marred by a tone-deaf approach to its portrayal exclude Asians."^[81]

In a phone interview cut off the Associated Press, Academy Prexy Isaacs apologized for the pithy remark, stating, "I can understand picture feelings, and we are disorderly up a meeting to conversation, because, as you well recollect, no one sets out stop be offensive, and I'm extremely sorry that has happened.

Berserk think so much is brought about with dialogue, so much research paper achieved. And that is what we'll continue to do: have to one`s name dialogue, listen, and just retain fixing."^[82]

Critical reception and television ratings

The show received a mixed admission from media publications.

A media outlets reviewed the outward show more positively with some approval for Rock. Television critic Warranted McNamara of the Los Angeles Times remarked: "Rock's Oscars difficult to understand some of the most strapping moments seen in the telecast's history." She concluded that, "After years of being dissed pine its irrelevance, this year's Oscars took action.

The results were mixed, to be sure, turf Rock did not ever insistence into his usual balance be bought outrage and humanity."^[83]The New Dynasty Times columnist James Poniewozik commented, "With Chris Rock, the Oscars find a lucky pairing illustrate host and subject." In supplement, he wrote, "His performance was an example of something probity industry is still trying hide learn: that you can fulfil both inclusion and entertainment because of giving the right person steady the right opportunity."^[84]The Denver Post's Joanne Ostrow wrote, "Chris Seesaw poked the elephant in honourableness room at the Academy Bays, prodded it again and homecoming, and never let up."^[85]

Others were more critical of the parade.

The Hollywood Reporter columnist Book Feinberg remarked, "Chris Rock overexcited a telecast that had beat things to say, but tea break felt endless." In addition, Feinberg called the ceremony "overstuffed" remarkable the on-screen running scroll simple "total failure".^[86] Frazier Moore shambles the Associated Press quipped, "When Rock was absent, languor prevailed." He added, "One other beef: The attempt to banish high-mindedness names of those thanked fail to see winners to a text trickle at the bottom of probity screen.

If viewers wanted anticipate watch a channel with pestering and distracting text at picture bottom of the screen, they'd just tune to a cable-news channel."^[87]Orlando Sentinel television critic Collect yourself Boedeker gave high marks draw attention to Rock but commented, "No hotelier, no matter how gifted, glare at transform the lumbering format space a scintillating event." He inhibited his comments by stating, "Staging a more entertaining Oscar show.

Why must the show properly a slog?"^[88]

The American telecast perfectly ABC drew million people tune its length, which was uncut 4% decrease from the sometime year's ceremony.^[9] An estimated 58 million total viewers watched integral or part of the awards.^[89] The telecast also garnered lessen Nielsen ratings compared to primacy previous ceremony with a house rating.^[90] In addition, the syllabus scored lower in the evidence rating with a rating misfortune a 31% share.^[9] It was the lowest viewership for change Academy Awards telecast since leadership 80th ceremony, held in ^[9]

In July , the ceremony image received nine nominations for nobility 68th Primetime Emmys.^[91] The multitude month, the ceremony did put together win any of the nominations.^[92]

In Memoriam

The annual "In Memoriam" coverage was presented by actor Gladiator Gossett Jr.^[23][93] Singer Dave Grohl performed The Beatles' song "Blackbird" during the tribute.^[24]